THEORETICAL AND HISTORICAL ANALYSIS OF THE REASONS OF MEDIA REGULATION

Abstract

The geopolitical catastrophes of the twentieth century have called into question the postulate of the concept that everyone is rational and seeks to find the truth, guided only by reason. Throughout the history of the development of information dissemination channels, we have constantly observed attempts by the state or other strong organizations to regulate, limit their activities – from preventive (censorship) to repressive, and often a mixture of them. The problem is the fundamental uncertainty of what exactly needs to be regulated – the circulation of information or the activities of the media. The constant search for a balance between freedom and responsibility of the media, setting boundaries and restrictions on the media and journalists, expressed through the adoption / amendment / repeal of laws and other regulations indicate the need to identify the main reasons for such regulation. Based on the understanding that any regulation is an interference in current activities, we can assume that the standardization of activities in the field of media is carried out for a specific purpose (public interest, for example), to meet market needs (support fair competition) or for technical reasons technical standards), etc. It is carried out at various levels – from relevant international norms and standards, national provisions in regulations of various levels to administrative procedures and technical specifications. In addition, it can be external – normatively defined for a certain type of activity and internal – in the form of self-regulation, such as internal control or public pressure from the outside.