Theoretical and Experimental Study of Reaction of Transesterification of Vegetable Oils in an Alcohol Environment in the SbCF and SCF Conditions with the Ultrasonic Emulsification of Reaction Mixture and the Use of Heterogeneous Catalysts

Farid Mukhamedovich Gumerov,Zufar Ibragimovich Zaripov,Sergei Valerevich Mazanov,Alexandre Ivanovich Kourdiyukov,Asiya Radifovna Gabitova,Rustem Aituganovich Usmanov

doi:10.4236/ijamsc.2017.52003

Abstract

A quantum-chemical study of the mechanism of transesterification reaction carried out in the traditional and supercritical fluid (SCF) conditions has been performed. Samples of biodiesel fuel have been derived from rapeseed oil in the environment of supercritical ethanol using a flow type unit, both in the absence and in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts-metal oxides. Experimental studies of kinematic viscosity of a large array of samples of derived biodiesel have been performed. The viscous correlation allowing determining the content of the desired product-fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE)-in biodiesel samples, has been made based on the obtained experimental data on the kinematic viscosity of biodiesel samples. The influence of change of the dielectric permittivity of working environments on the rate of reaction of transesterification in the supercritical fluid conditions has been revealed.

Highlights

The modern possibilities of mathematical modelling and software allow simplifying the process of study of the regularities that take place in chemical reactors in the conditions of intensive heat and mass transfer
Samples of biodiesel fuel have been derived from rapeseed oil in the environment of supercritical ethanol using a flow type unit, both in the absence and in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts-metal oxides
The viscous correlation allowing determining the content of the desired product-fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE)—in biodiesel samples, has been made based on the obtained experimental data on the kinematic viscosity of biodiesel samples

Summary

Introduction

The modern possibilities of mathematical modelling and software allow simplifying the process of study of the regularities that take place in chemical reactors in the conditions of intensive heat and mass transfer. The use of supercritical fluid condition of reaction mixture during the synthesis of biodiesel fuel determines several undeniable technological and ecological advantages [1] [2] [3]. These advantages are just the ones that are supposed to be converted into the reduction of prime cost of biodiesel fuel, which is still 10% 20% higher than that of oil diesel fuel, for the traditional homogeneous catalytic process [4]. One of important conditions of creation of economically efficient SCF-technology and, among other things, of derivation of biodiesel fuel, is the search of optimum conditions for carrying out a chemical reaction, which is extremely difficult in the absence of the mathematical model based on the results of experimental studies, including thermophysical ones

Materials and Methods

Discussion

Findings

Conclusion