Abstract
Theoretical investigations supported by a series of original laboratory experiments are conducted to study a wave-induced vertical mixing process. The derived semi-analytical solution is very efficient and is applied to predict the effects of water waves on the temperature changes and the evolution of temperature profiles. The results indicate that waves increase a mixing process. The rate of change of the temperature is higher when waves contributed to mixing process and this process increases with increasing the wavelength to water depth ratio. The analysis indicates that for typical ocean waves the contribution of water waves to mixing may be several orders of magnitude higher than a corresponding contribution arising from the classical diffusion process. This implies a need to conduct more theoretical studies and experimental investigation on the effect of water waves on mixing processes. A series of original laboratory experiments were conducted in the insulated wave flume to verify the derived model. The comparisons show a reasonable agreement between predicted and measured temperature profiles. A reasonable agreement between theoretical results and experimental data is observed for the whole considered range of initial temperature distributions. The comparisons indicate that the model is applicable even to cases when gradients in temperature distributions over water depth are fairly high.
Highlights
A wave-induced mixing is an important process from a practical point of view and is a challenging problem for theoretical investigations
The rate of change of the temperature is higher when waves contributed to mixing process and this process increases with increasing the wavelength to water depth ratio
A series of original laboratory experiments were conducted in the insulated wave flume to verify the derived model
Summary
A wave-induced mixing is an important process from a practical point of view and is a challenging problem for theoretical investigations. The understanding of wave-induced mixing is one of the main tasks of physical oceanographers and climatologists and is of fundamental importance for the modeling and an accurate prediction of ocean transport processes and climate changes. Theoretical investigations and field observations have shown that waves affect the exchanges of momentum, heat, and masses in the upper oceans and that wave-induced processes lead to vertical mixing in the ocean [9]. Wave-induced mixing processes can be studied in laboratories by conducting experiments in a wave flume. Laboratory experiments enable us to avoid some side effects and separate the mixing originated from breaking and nonbreaking process, which is of fundamental importance for the understanding of mixing processes and an accurate calibration and verification of numerical models. In this work theoretical studies and laboratory experiments are conducted to investigate a wave-induced mixing process. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data and conclusions are specified
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