Abstract
Abstract Nonconductive nanomaterial is a type of modifiers widely used in electrochemical heavy metal ion detection. Despite a large number of studies devoted to the electrochemical stripping behaviors of modifiers, a clear picture regarding the structure–performance relationship is still lacking. Recently, benefiting from the development of fine-structure characterization techniques and density functional theory calculations, the atomic details on how the surface interaction between heavy metal ions and the modifiers leads to its high sensitivity have attracted much attention. This short review discusses the development and challenge of nanomaterial-based stripping behaviors in the determination of heavy metal ions and highlights the structure–performance relationship at the atomic level.
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