Abstract
In this work, the one-dimensional finite element solution of the transient heat equation was used to calculate the temperature distribution through the soil in the arid region. As an example, Baghdad city was chosen due to the dryness of its weather which can be regarded as an arid region. The solar radiation, ambient temperature, relative humidity, soil thermal properties, soil water content, and wind speed were used as input parameters to the solution to obtain the surface and in-depth temperature distribution in the soil. The solar light components that hit the soil have been obtained theoretically and measured experimentally with good nearby results. The obtained temperature distributions were compared with experimental data and good nearby results could verify the used methodology.
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