Theoretical and experimental analysis of beating and cavitation phenomenon on erosion in ultrasonic cleaning process

Abstract

During the recent years, considerable attention has been paid to ultrasonic cleaning due to its unique capabilities. Ultrasonic cleaning uses sound waves at or above the 18/20 KHz range. An ultrasonic cleaning system is comprised of three parts: Generator, Transducer and Tank. Bubble generator, generates a micro-emulsified liquid containing a plurality of micro-to-nano-sized bubbles. The bubbles enlarge and finally blow up at a point (Cavitation). Time, temperature and chemical remain are some factors which must be considered to maximize the effectiveness of the process. Generator indeed produces the required power in ultrasonic frequencies. In this research manufacturing process of an ultrasonic cleaner prototype with vibrator circuit and effect of temperature rising located in ultrasonic tank, which is water in this case, has been considered. By changing of frequency and wavelength, cleaning would change too. Temperature factor would increase the energy level of water molecules and direct effect of these two parameters in cleaning is confirmed by alteration the cleaning time of a device in the cleaner chamber in comparison with it when is located in off machine. In this article manufacturing process of an ultrasonic experimental model of cleaner with vibrator circuit in theoretical analysis section have been studied. Effect of some parameters in equations on cavitation, acoustic impedance, transmission coefficient and temperature rising, has been considered. Temperature factor increases the energy level of water molecules. This is because liquid properties affecting cavitation intensity are related to temperature. The relation between pressure and displacement for a sound wave in water is calculated too.