Abstract

It is identified that barely passing electrons are the drive of the e-fishbones, rather than the barely trapped electrons at low frequency. The frequency jump in e-fishbone experiments is reproduced and analyzed. It is found that the e-fishbone frequency increases with the hot electron energy, which is consistent with the experiments. The growth rate of the mode (m = 2, n = 2) is greater than that of the mode (m = 1, n = 1).

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