Abstract
Soliton self-compression is demonstrated during the propagation of high spatial modes in hollow core fibers in the near-infrared spectral region, taking advantage of their negative dispersion response. We have found that there is always an optimum spatial mode to observe this phenomenon, compressing the pulses down to the single-cycle regime without needing any external compression device and with a consequent increase in the output peak power. Our result is relevant for any ultrashort laser application in which few- or single-cycle pulses are crucial.
Highlights
Ultrashort pulses are nowadays indispensable tools in many scientific disciplines such as chemistry [1], material science, biology [2] or physics [3]
The nonlinear propagation techniques proposed in the early 80s to compress laser pulses using optical fibers [4] have been adapted and improved to obtain pulses with better properties
At the mid-nineties, a completely new scenario to explore the nonlinear interaction between light and matter in the high energy regime appeared: the hollow core fibers (HCFs)
Summary
Ultrashort pulses are nowadays indispensable tools in many scientific disciplines such as chemistry [1], material science, biology [2] or physics [3]. The fundamental mode is the one usually employed for applications like postcompression, there are several studies that show how to excite higher spatial modes in metallic hollow-core waveguides [13], with coupling efficiencies close to unity for the HE11 mode, and HC-PCFs [14, 15] (with total transmissions, including coupling efficiency, greater than 91% [14]) These studies are focused on generating new laser beams that might be useful for applications like particle guiding, microscopy or laser processing. We identify the anomalous dispersion response that some of these excited spatial modes present at atmospheric pressure for near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths This fact, together with the high nonlinear interaction due to their small spatial dimensions, make them very attractive for self-compression schemes. We have demonstrated that using different gases we are able to obtain single-cycle output pulses from a standard post-compression setup
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