Abstract
Semianalytical solutions are developed for turbulent hydrogen‐air plume. We derived analytical expressions for plume centerline variables (radius, velocity, and density deficit) in terms of a single universal function, called plume function. By combining the obtained analytical expressions of centerline variables with empirical Gaussian expressions of the mean variables, we obtain semianalytical expressions for mean quantities of hydrogen‐air plume (velocity, density deficit, and mass fraction).
Highlights
One of the important safety issues of hydrogen energy is the hydrogen leakage into ambient air and the associated risk of fire or explosion
Industry has already produced several prototype products using hydrogen as a fuel. These products are not yet available for commercial use because of safety concerns related to hydrogen leakage
El-Amin and coauthors 1–6 studied the problem of hydrogen leakage in air
Summary
One of the important safety issues of hydrogen energy is the hydrogen leakage into ambient air and the associated risk of fire or explosion. Hydrogen-air jet is an example of non-Boussinesq plume; since the initial fractional density difference is high. One can say that the Boussinesq approximation is valid for small initial fractional density difference, Δρ0/ρ∞ 1 e.g., El-Amin and Kanayama 5 This is correct only for the case of a plume produced by a positive source of buoyancy, that is, a plume composed of fluid less dense than the ambient. El-Amin 6 introduced a numerical investigation of a non-Boussinesq, low-density gas jet hydrogen leaking into a high-density ambient air. Michaux and Vauquelin developed analytical solutions for centerlines quantities of turbulent plumes rising from circular sources of positive buoyancy in a quiescent environment of uniform density for both Boussinesq and nonBoussinesq cases. Analytical expressions for all plume variables radius, velocity, and density deficit in terms of plume function for a given source parameter are derived
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