Theoretical analyses on orbital angular momentum modes in conventional graded-index multimode fibre

Jian Wang,Shi Chen

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04380-7

Abstract

Orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes are another mode basis to represent spatial modes. There have been increasing interests in exploiting OAM modes in specialty fibres. In this paper, we present a comprehensive characterisation of OAM modes in conventional graded-index multimode fibre (MMF). 1) We synthesise the circularly polarized OAM modes by properly combining two fold degenerate cylindrical vector modes (eigenmodes) and analyse the total angular momentum, i.e. spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum. 2) We divide all the OAM modes of the conventional graded-index MMF into 10 OAM mode groups with effective refractive index differences between different mode groups above 10−4 enabling low-level inter-group crosstalk. 3) We study the chromatic dispersion, differential group delay, effective mode area, and nonlinearity for each OAM mode group over a wide wavelength ranging from 1520 to 1630 nm covering the whole C band and L band. 4) We discuss the performance tolerance to fibre ellipticity and bending. 5) We further address the robustness of performance against fibre perturbations including the core size, index contrast and the imperfect index profile of the practically fabricated MMFs. The obtained results may provide theoretical basis for further space-division multiplexing applications employing OAM modes in conventional graded-index MMF.

Highlights

Since the first deployment of fibre-optic communication systems three decades ago, the transmission capacity of single-mode fibres (SMFs) has experienced a tremendous growth by four orders of magnitude[1]
Spatial linearly polarized (LP) modes are adopted in few-mode fibres (FMFs) and multi-mode fibres (MMFs) for mode-division multiplexing (MDM) to transmit independent data streams
In this scenario, considering the fact that conventional MMF can support hundreds of eigenmodes and the similarity between the FMF and conventional MMF, one would expect to see whether conventional MMF can support orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes and it is meaningful to study the characteristics of OAM modes in conventional MMF

Summary

Introduction

Since the first deployment of fibre-optic communication systems three decades ago, the transmission capacity of single-mode fibres (SMFs) has experienced a tremendous growth by four orders of magnitude[1].

Results

Conclusion