The yield and complications of amniocentesis performed after 24 weeks of gestation.

Abstract

This study assessed the use and complications of late amniocentesis (AC) and analyzed factors that affect complication rate. A retrospective analysis of 167 genetic AC performed after 24weeks during a 10-year period in two medical centers was conducted. Data regarding the indications for AC, genetic work-up, and pregnancy outcomes were retrieved from patient medical records and telephone-based questionnaires. Mean gestational age (GA) at the time of AC was 31.7±2.7weeks; 104 procedures were performed at ≤32weeks, including 24 at ≤30weeks. The overall pregnancy complication rate occurring at any time after the procedure was 6.6% (11). Of these, 4.8% (8) occurred within a month after AC, including 2.4% (4) that occurred within a week. An additional three occurred after 30days. There were no differences in the total complication rate and in the rate of specific complications of procedures performed at ≤32weeks or at ≤30weeks. Maternal age did not affect outcomes. Genetic testing was abnormal in five cases (3%). Amniocyte culture failed in 3 cases (2.3%), with no technical failures in 52 chromosomal microarray tests. The complication rate of AC performed after 24weeks was 4.8%, which is significantly higher than that of second trimester AC. GA and maternal age did not affect the complication rate.