The work of the main forces in the annual-averaged and seasonal-averaged energy balance of the Black Sea circulation

Abstract

A numerical experiment with a high horizontal resolution for 2016 was carried out on the basis of a discrete eddy-resolving model, taking into account a real atmospheric forcing. The work of the main forces that support the baroclinic circulation of the Black Sea has been analyzed on the basis of the calculation results and in comparison with the energetics, obtained for other years (2011 and 2006). They included the wind work, buoyancy, pressure, turbulent friction, advection and turbulent diffusion. The wind force, buoyancy and vertical turbulent exchange brought contribution in the average annual balance of kinetic energy, the work of pressure and advection forces was small. The variability of potential energy was mainly specified by two factors - vertical turbulent diffusion and buoyancy work, which approximately compensated each other. The main contributions to the evolution of kinetic energy on the average seasons were made by four forces. These are the wind work, buoyancy, vertical and horizontal turbulent exchange. The most intensive work of wind forces was observed in the winter and autumn seasons, which was compensated by vertical turbulent friction. The buoyancy work was the most intense in the spring.