Abstract
Abstract. MAPM (Mapping Air Pollution eMissions) is a project whose goal is to develop a method to infer airborne particulate matter (PM) emissions maps from in situ PM concentration measurements. In support of MAPM, a winter field campaign was conducted in New Zealand in 2019 (June to September) to obtain the measurements required to test and validate the MAPM methodology. Two different types of instruments measuring PM were deployed: ES-642 remote dust monitors (17 instruments) and Outdoor Dust Information Nodes (ODINs; 50 instruments). The measurement campaign was bracketed by two intercomparisons where all instruments were co-located, with a permanently installed tapered element oscillating membrane (TEOM) instrument, to determine any instrument biases. Changes in biases between the pre- and post-campaign intercomparisons were used to determine instrument drift over the campaign period. Once deployed, each ES-642 was co-located with an ODIN. In addition to the PM measurements, meteorological variables (temperature, pressure, wind speed, and wind direction) were measured at three automatic weather station (AWS) sites established as part of the campaign, with additional data being sourced from 27 further AWSs operated by other agencies. Vertical profile measurements were made with 12 radiosondes during two 24 h periods and complimented measurements made with a mini micropulse lidar and ceilometer. Here we present the data collected during the campaign and discuss the correction of the measurements made by various PM instruments. We find that when compared to measurements made with a simple linear correction, a correction based on environmental conditions improves the quality of measurements retrieved from ODINs but results in over-fitting and increases the uncertainties when applied to the more sophisticated ES-642 instruments. We also compare PM2.5 and PM10 measured by ODINs which, in some cases, allows us to identify PM from natural and anthropogenic sources. The PM data collected during the campaign are publicly available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4542559 (Dale et al., 2020b), and the data from other instruments are available from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4536640 (Dale et al., 2020a).
Highlights
Airborne particulate matter (PM) comprises particles that can be solid, liquid, or a mixture of both
PM can be described by its aerodynamic equivalent diameter (AED), and particles are generally subdivided according to their size: < 10, < 2.5, and < 1 μm (PM10, PM2.5, and PM10 encompasses ultrafine (PM1), respectively)
To be able to calculate these uncertainties for deployments where the reference reading is not available, we separated the uncertainty into two components: one describing the uncertainty associated to the type of instrument (ODIN or ES642) and the other describing the relationship of the specific instrument to the rest of its type
Summary
Airborne particulate matter (PM) comprises particles that can be solid, liquid, or a mixture of both. The MAPM method uses an inverse model that takes as input in situ PM2.5 mass concentration measurements and the meteorological data required to calculate trajectories from sources to receptors (instrument locations) and generates PM2.5 emissions maps and their uncertainties (hereafter referred to as “the MAPM methodology”). A 3-month measurement campaign was conducted in Christchurch in 2019, which provides the required PM2.5 measurements that are used as input to the inverse model, which is used to infer PM emissions sources in Christchurch. This paper describes this field campaign and obtained measurements in detail.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
