The Wigner distribution function of a Lorentz–Gauss vortex beam passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system

Abstract

Based on the Collins integral formula and the Hermite–Gaussian expansion of a Lorentz function, an analytical expression for the Wigner distribution function (WDF) of a Lorentz–Gauss vortex beam passing through a paraxial ABCD optical system is derived. The WDF properties of a Lorentz–Gauss vortex beam propagating in free space are also demonstrated. During propagation, the WDF pattern shrinks in the direction of the spatial frequency variables and elongates in the direction of the transverse spatial coordinates. With given the transverse spatial coordinates or the spatial frequency variables, the evolvement of the WDF of a Lorentz–Gauss vortex beam during propagation is examined in detail. To show the WDF application, the second-order moments of the WDF for a Lorentz–Gauss vortex beam in free space are also presented. This research exhibits the propagation properties of a Lorentz–Gauss vortex beam from the phase space.