The welfare of ornamental fish in the home aquarium

Abstract

The welfare of ornamental fish kept in aquariums or ponds has historically been taken for granted by fish keepers, the ornamental fish industry and animal welfare organisations. This is attributed to the low cost of many ornamental fish, lack of reliable information about their health care, or a perceived lack of veterinarians with skills in aquatic animal health. Moreover, it is not uncommon for our veterinary colleagues to refer potential fish clients to fish stores or pet stores, as had been done in the past with less commonly seen species like birds and ‘pocket pets’. Slowly, veterinary surgeons and veterinary organisations are increasingly becoming involved in aquatic veterinary medicine to help improve the welfare of pet fish. This article presents the current status of ornamental fish welfare, the issues and their causes, and provides further sources of information.