The volcanic activity of La Soufrière of Guadeloupe (lesser antilles): structural and tectonic implications

Abstract

Abstract Among observations made on La Soufriere volcano (Guadeloupe) to monitor its its activity are temperature measurements: temperature of fumaroles, hot springs, ground surface, and water inside two boreholes 80 and 90 m deep. Those measurements proved to be of prime importance in understanding mechanisms working in the volcano and governing its activity. They lead with other observations, such as self-potential measurements and geochemical analysis of fumaroles and hot springs, to a possible interpretation of phreatic activity rather different from the one retained earlier which was essentially based on seismic data. In this model the magma reservoir is only in a stable state and, in particular, supplies heat at a constant rate to the overlying geological structures. The cycle of volcanic activity and period of quiescence is interpreted as due to a cycle of clogging and reopening of the system of fractures transferring heat from a lower aquifer to an upper one, and eventually to the atmosphere. The model is discussed in regard of other geophysical observations, in particular seismicity. Some inferences are made concerning a new phase of activity and suitable observations to predicit it.