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Abstract
<abstract> Monitoring clinical symptoms of dengue fever based on vital signs and blood profile in each phase of the disease is crucial for the early case detection, and the management of serious cases with adequate care minimizes dengue mortality. To assess changes in vital signs and blood profile in acute dengue infection, the vital signs and haematological parameters of 63 dengue patients were retrospectively analysed between day 3 and day 8 of illness. These patients visited the emergency department and were admitted to Canselor Tunku Muhriz Hospital, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia between Jan 2015 and 2016; classification was done according to the World Health Organization and the Malaysian Clinical Practice Guidelines. The data were analysed using SPSS Version 23 and visualized with MATLAB R2020a based on the severity of dengue fever and day of illness. On day 3 of illness, there is a significant trend in heart rate of dengue patients of all categories, with a significant difference of p = 0.030. On day 4 of illness, there is a statistical difference in the platelet (p = 0.028) and white blood cell count (p = 0.019) of dengue female patients in the category with warning signs and severe dengue recovery. On the other hand, there is a significant difference in vital signs namely heart rate, body temperature and diastolic on day 5 of illness, with the p-value of 0.011, 0.019 and 0.016, respectively. On day 6 of dengue illness, there is a significant difference in the heart rate (p = 0.015), systolic (p = 0.006) and diastolic (p = 0.027) in dengue patients of all categories. A significant difference can only be observed in the heart rate (p = 0.011) of all patients and haematocrit (p = 0.023) of female patients on day 7 and 8 of illness, respectively. This paper reports the trend in key signs and blood profile of dengue patients classified according to the latest WHO case description, based on the day of illness. </abstract>
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