The viscosity of liquid ethene: Measurement and molecular dynamic simulation

Abstract

This work reports new experimental data and detailed equilibrium molecular dynamics (EMD) simulations of viscosity for liquid ethene. The measurements were carried out by using an improved vibrating-wire viscometer for temperatures from (173.150 to 233.150) K and pressures up to 5.5 MPa, with a combined expanded relative uncertainty of 5.3 % (k = 2). The experimental data were compared with the values calculated by the correlation of Holland et al. (with an uncertainty of 10 % for liquid), the deviations vary from − 7.2 % to 0.8 % and the AARD is 3.6 %. Furthermore, the Assael and Dymond scheme based on the hard-sphere model was used to correlate the experimental results with an AARD of 0.1 %. For understanding the structure and properties of liquid ethene at the molecular level, a comprehensive evaluation of ten different ethene force fields with four types of molecular configurations (two-site, three-site, four-site, and six-site models) was then performed to predict density and viscosity at a wide temperature range from (133.150 to 233.150) K and pressure of 5 MPa. The selected force fields were generally developed for the vapor–liquid equilibrium properties, without explicit consideration of viscosity and other transport properties. Overall, three rigid two-site force fields (SET, TraPPE-UA, and AUA4) gave the best predictions with the AARD within 0.32 % for density and 8.5 % for viscosity comparing with the correlations of Smukala et al. and Holland et al., separately. Mie force field with 16–6 potential and TraPPE-UA2 force field with two negative partial charges can accurately predict density but severely overestimate viscosity greater than 20 %. The larger intermolecular repulsion and electrostatic interaction may have contributed to the overestimation of viscosity especially at low temperatures.