Abstract
This paper aimed to investigate new ways of understanding non-cooperative attitudes of the speakers and the violation of Cooperative Principle maxims in real Iranian psychological consulting session. The data base consists of recorded conversations between a male psychotherapist and his patients during therapy sessions. After analysing their language by means of conversational implicature and the occurrences of the violation of Cooperative Principle, it is concluded that the recognition of conversational implicature is essential for the understanding of the non-cooperative attitudes of the speakers and their violation of one or more Cooperative Principle maxims. Moreover, it was clear that the message people intend to convey is not wholly contained within the words they use, but it is also dependent on how hearers interpreting the message taking into account context and implicated meaning. Finally, there were instances when the purpose was to intentionally miscommunicate within this sophisticated social context. The study has a contribution to the existing knowledge in the area of pragmatics and psychology development.
Highlights
Philosopher Paul Grice (1975), who proposed a theory of conversation which consists of a Cooperative PrincipleHow to cite this paper: Sobhani, A., & Saghebi, A. (2014)
How is the violation of one or more CP maxims revealed by linguistic choices of interlocutors during the process of psychological consulting?
The patients are from both genders and different age-range since the linguistic features generally differ based on age and gender
Summary
Philosopher Paul Grice (1975), who proposed a theory of conversation which consists of a Cooperative PrincipleHow to cite this paper: Sobhani, A., & Saghebi, A. (2014). How to cite this paper: Sobhani, A., & Saghebi, A. The Violation of Cooperative Principles and Four Maxims in Iranian Psychological Consultation. Saghebi (hereafter called CP) declares: “Make your conversational contribution such as it is required, at the stage at which it occurs, by the accepted purpose or direction of the talk exchange in which you are engaged”. The CP attempts to make explicit certain rational principles observed by people when they converse (Hadi, 2013). It is so called because listeners and speakers generally speak cooperatively and mutually accept one another to be understood in a particular way, unless they have reasons for not doing so. Pragmatics is the study of the context-dependent aspects of meaning which are systematically abstracted away from the construction of logical form (Horn & Ward, 2004)
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