Abstract
The most effective method for harvesting forest fruit is the mechanical vibration harvesting method. During the forced vibration process, the fruit will be shed from the tree when the inertia of the fruit is greater than the fruit’s pedicel retention force. In order to study the movement response characteristics of the Ginkgo biloba fruit in depth, for a small Ginkgo biloba fruit tree, the frequency curve of the fruit tree had been obtained in this paper, based on the pulse hammer excitation method, and four resonant frequencies and four trough point frequencies, in the frequency range of 10 Hz~25 Hz, were determined as the test excitation frequency. Through a comparison test between the simulated fruit and the Ginkgo biloba fruit, both the simulated fruit and the real Ginkgo biloba fruit demonstrated good response consistency, and the results had shown that the simulated fruit could be used to replace the Ginkgo biloba fruit. The acceleration response of the resonant frequency and the trough point frequency for two test points of the two primary branches had also been analyzed. It was found that the resonant frequency caused an obvious harmonic response. For the same frequency, the fruit at some points produced a very strong vibrational response, while at other points the fruit was almost stationary. Therefore, it was difficult for a fruit tree to completely shed all its fruit through excitation at a single frequency. It was more difficult to induce a strong vibrational response of fruit on branches of higher stiffness. On the contrary, it was easier to induce a strong vibrational response on more flexible branches regardless of the resonant frequency or the trough point frequency excitation.
Highlights
Ginkgo biloba is known as a deciduous tree that belongs to the genus Ginkgo of the family Ginkgoaceae; its fruit, which is rich in protein and fat, is very nutritious, and it has medicinal properties
Lin et al [27, 28] studied the frequency spectrum characteristics of Ginkgo biloba trees and they found that the optimal excitation frequency was 23.75 Hz to cause the fruit to be shed
The tree trunk was struck by the hammer in X direction, which introduced the impact signals into the fruit tree, and the triple-axis accelerometer was installed on the test point A1, B1 and B2 on the trunk
Summary
Ginkgo biloba is known as a deciduous tree that belongs to the genus Ginkgo of the family Ginkgoaceae; its fruit, which is rich in protein and fat, is very nutritious, and it has medicinal properties. Du et al analyzed the harvesting mechanism of cherries and pecans, and they carried out experimental research on the transmission of vibrational energy in fruit trees [22,23,24]. He et al [25] studied the dynamic transfer characteristics between Lycium chinense branches, and they obtained the acceleration response relationship between third branches and fourth branches. Lin et al [27, 28] studied the frequency spectrum characteristics of Ginkgo biloba trees and they found that the optimal excitation frequency was 23.75 Hz to cause the fruit to be shed Fruit generally has both long stalks and short stalks; both Ginkgo biloba and cherries are long-stalk fruit. The main movement state of long-stalk fruits was plane pendulum movement, rotation around the fruit and the fruit’s stalk connection point, reciprocating movement in the vertical direction, and circular motion around the axis of the fruit’s stalk in space
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