Abstract

1. 1. A simple, geometric method of determining the spherical coordinates of the ventricular gradient is presented. 2. 2. Electrocardiograms of eight normal subjects are thus analyzed, using the cube method of electrode placement. Mean magnitude, azimuth and elevation are found to be 47 microvolt-seconds, 16 ° and 52 °, respectively. 3. 3. The theory of the gradient is discussed. 4. 4. The role of the RS-T segment is elucidated and a method of evaluating its significance is suggested. 5. 5. Gradients are imposed on hypothetic muscle strips by means of a suitable equation, and the effects of change in rate and direction of activation on the form and area of the ventricular complex are demonstrated. It is concluded that these do not influence net area. 6. 6. A block diagram of an instrument for instantaneous determination of the gradient is included.

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