The Velocity Aberration Effect of the CSST Main Survey Camera* *This research has been generously supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, Grant Nos. 12073047 and 12273077) and the National Key Research and Development (Grant No. 2022YFF0711500).

Abstract

In this study, we conducted simulations to find the geometric aberrations expected for images taken by the Main Survey Camera of the Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) due to its motion. As anticipated by previous work, our findings indicate that the geometric distortion of light impacts the focal plane's apparent scale, with a more pronounced influence as the size of the focal plane increases. Our models suggest that the effect consistently influences the pixel scale in both the vertical and parallel directions. The apparent scale variation follows a sinusoidal distribution throughout one orbital period. Simulations reveal that the effect is particularly pronounced in the center of the Galaxy and gradually diminishes along the direction of ecliptic latitude. At low ecliptic latitudes, the total aberration leads to about a 0.94 pixel offset (a 20 minute exposure) and a 0.26 pixel offset (a 300 s exposure) at the edge of the field of view. Appropriate processings for the geometric effect during the CSST pre- and post-observation phases are presented.