Abstract
This paper evaluated overall properties of biodiesel (BD) from lard and beef tallow, based on analytical methods of gas chromatography analysis and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. This study also investigated the effects of BD properties on spray formation characteristics, at various injection pressures and particle size distributions, of the exhaust gas from a diesel engine. The results of analytical experiment indicated that the animal fat BD mainly consists of saturated fatty acids. Therefore, alternative fuel with high cetane number can be produced from animal fats. Compared with diesel fuel, animal fat BD has shown different spray patterns and smoke emission particle distributions. Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD) was slightly higher for BD droplets, while smoke particle size and density after the burning of droplets decreased for BD blends, due to more complete combustion. On the whole, it is concluded that the animal fat BD properties were in reasonable agreement with the international ASTM D6751, EN 14214 and Korean national standards of BD.
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