The variation of carnitine content in human blood cells during disease--a study in bacterial infection and inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract

Carnitine in erythrocytes and leucocytes represents a small but essential part of the cellular carnitine pool. It was the objective of this study to document the changes of blood cell carnitine concentrations in disease entities with an enhanced cellular metabolism during acute and chronic inflammation. The plasma, erythrocyte, lymphocyte, granulocyte and thrombocyte carnitine concentrations were determined in 23 patients (11.0 +/- 8.8 years) with bacterial infections and nine patients (17.5 +/- 2.4 years) with Crohn disease and compared to 20 healthy controls (27.0 +/- 10.6 years). In patients with bacterial infections the granulocyte carnitine concentrations (126.4 +/- 73.5 nmoles/10(6) cells) were higher (P < 0.001) than in controls (37.9 +/- 22.8 nmoles/10(6) cells). In patients with Crohn disease the lymphocyte carnitine concentrations (169.4 +/- 108.2 nmoles/10(6) cells) were increased (P < 0.001) when compared to controls (48.1 +/- 18.3 nmoles/10(6) cells). The plasma carnitine concentrations were decreased (P < 0.05) in both patient groups, whereas they were increased (P < 0.05) in the patients' erythrocytes. The carnitine concentrations in thrombocytes did not differ significantly within the individual groups. Lymphocyte and granulocyte carnitine concentrations may reflect their enhanced metabolic state during either immunoglobulin formation or phagocytosis.