The Variants in <i>ADIPOQ</i> Are Associated with Maternal Circulating Adipokine Profile in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common association with hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance during pregnancy. The role of adipokines plays importantly to control insulin secretion and glucose. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal circulating adipokine levels and ADIPOQ gene polymorphism among pregnant women subjects with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and normal glucose tolerance (NGT). Methods: Participants including 229 normal pregnant women and 197 GDM pregnant women were enrolled from 2015 to 2018 at Siriraj hospital. Serum adipokine levels including adiponectin, adipsin/factor D, NGAL/Lipocalin-2, total PAI-1, and resistin were measured by immunoassay. ADIPOQ variations (-11377C/G, +45T/G and +276G/T) were investigated. Results: Serum adiponectin concentration was also significantly decreased among the GDM who had age less than 35 years old whereas adipsin levels were significantly lower among the GDM who had aged more than 35 years old. Also, adiponectin, and total PAI-1 levels were significantly lower among the GDM who had a BMI of less than 30 kg/m2. Variants of ADIPOQ +45T/G were significantly associated with disease status (p=0.03). The -11377C/G was affected by the level of adiponectin (p=0.04). The C allele of -11377C/G SNP was declined serum adiponectin levels and may be a risk factor for GDM. Conclusion: This study revealed that genetic play important roles in circulating adipokines among pregnant women. ADIPOQ polymorphisms had significant associations with adiponectin levels in GDM patients. Funding Information: This research project was supported by Siriraj Research Grant for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University to WT (grant no. R015934014) and TN. Declaration of Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. Ethics Approval Statement: This cross-sectional study was approved by the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj hospital ethics review board, Mahidol University, Thailand (Si 577/2015). The written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.