Abstract
A synthetic index LSI (Langelier Saturation Index) was calculated to analyze conditions of carbonates allocation. The higher LSI value, positive or negative, the better conditions to deposition or chemical denudation, respectively. Physical–chemical research was carried out in the lake-catchment system of Lake Syczyńskie, located in the border zone of Polish Lowland and Lublin Upland. The data were collected during the three water years 2007–2009. A hydro-chemical state of products of CaCO3 dissociation in waters was close to the equilibrium for most of the year. Values of the LSI ranged from −0.08 to 1.44 in the water of the catchment under study. The highest LSI values were observed in the lake water. The lowest LSI values occurred in waters of the inlet originated from a Cretaceous spring. Allocation conditions were established along inlet–lake–outlet transect. A decrease of carbonates translocation along the transect was typical for the Lake Syczyńskie and it occurred in all seasons. A clear seasonality of the carbonate equilibrium state was observed in the lake-catchment system under study. Results showed that inlet of groundwater determined transport of products of calcium and magnesium carbonate dissociation in the catchment Lake Syczyńskie. The most stable chemical conditions were observed in winter, which resulted from an intense groundwater inflow. The least stable conditions occurred in spring, in which season conditions of carbonates allocations were modified by precipitation and/or surface runoff.
Highlights
Carbon, like other elements, characterizes continuous global cycle which brings about changes of its speciation of occurrence
The paper presents a part of the global carbon cycle expressed as a carbonate equilibrium state, which includes the products of dissociation of CaCO3 and CO2 and the pH is an indicator of the condition of the carbonate equilibrium
Analysis of a state of carbonate equilibrium in lakecatchment systems is an important issue in processes of shaping ionic allocation
Summary
Like other elements, characterizes continuous global cycle which brings about changes of its speciation of occurrence. In temperate areas in carbonate terrains dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is the dominate form of aquatic carbon. It results from a soil respiration, C weathering, and groundwater flow (Finlay et al 2009; Stets et al 2009). An understanding of carbonate equilibria is essential in geologic studies of surface and groundwater chemistry, as well as global climate (Andersen 2002; Krinner 2003). Parameters such as alkalinity, DIC, partial pressure of carbon dioxide pCO2, or pH values can be used to determine
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