Abstract
The purpose of this symposium was the review and the discussion of data that has been developed regarding vancomycin, an antibiotic that was introduced into clinical medicine in 1956, approximately 14 years after the introduction of penicillin into civilian medical practice. Cultures of Staphylococcus aureus, which had been isolated from prevalent infections in 1942, were susceptible to penicillin in concentrations as low as 0.06 units/ml. During the following years, increasing numbers of isolates of S. aureus were found to be resistant to penicillin. The introduction of streptomycin, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, chloramphemicol, bacitracin, erythromycin, and neomycin provided additional antibacterial drugs for the treatment of staphylococcal infections, particularly those resistant to penicillin. Dihydrostreptomycin and streptomycin were not desirable for long-term use because of the rapid appearance of resistant strains. Appearance of increasing numbers of strains resistant to the tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, and erythrymycin occasionally forced clinicians to use parenteral administration of the more toxic antibiotics, bacitracin and neomycin, in spite of predictable adverse complications.
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