Abstract
Objective Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy of muscle spasm before and after rehabilitation by comparing shear wave propagation velocity (SWV) and Young's modulus (YM) in the normal and spastic biceps brachii in stroke patients. Methods A study of 60 stroke patients with upper limb spasm was performed; these patients were admitted from April 2018 to September 2019. The modified Ashworth scale (MAS) scores of the spastic biceps brachii before and after rehabilitation treatment were compared. SWV and YM on the spastic and normal biceps brachii before rehabilitation treatment, SWV and YM on the spastic and normal biceps brachii after rehabilitation treatment, and SWV and YM on the spastic biceps brachii before and after rehabilitation treatment were compared. Whether SWV and YM on the spastic biceps brachii are related to MAS was compared. Results There was a statistically significant difference in SWV and YM between the normal and spastic biceps brachii before (P < 0.01) and after (P < 0.05) the rehabilitation treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in SWV and YM in the normal biceps brachii before and after the rehabilitation treatment (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in SWV and YM in the spastic biceps brachii before and after the rehabilitation treatment (P < 0.01). SWV and FM of the spastic biceps brachii are correlated with MAS before and after rehabilitation treatment, and the correlation coefficient for SWV was 0.563 and 0.605 for YM (P < 0.05). Conclusion SWE can be used as a means of assessment before and after rehabilitation treatment.
Highlights
Stroke is characterized by high incidence, and the patients have high disability rates
Sixty stroke patients with hemiplegia and one-sided upper limb spasms were selected between April 2018 and September 2019
All patients were placed in a supine position, with the upper limbs of the spastic side positioned at 90 degrees relative to the body and biceps brachii in a stretched position
Summary
Stroke is characterized by high incidence, and the patients have high disability rates. Spasticity is a dyskinesia characterized by speed-dependent hypertonic stretch reflex and tendon hyperreflexia caused by increased excitatory reflex after upper motor neuron injury [3]. Spasticity is one of the main complications of stroke, which can cause muscle contraction, abnormal posture, pain, and joint contracture in patients, resulting in abnormal movement patterns that affect patients’ daily life functions and restrict hemiplegic limbs. The assessment of dysfunction in patients with upper limb spastic paralysis is mostly based on subjective scale assessment, which is inaccurate and not sufficiently sensitive [4]. Real-time shear wave ultrasound (SWE) elastography can be used to evaluate muscle stiffness [5,6,7,8,9]. The present study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of muscle spasm before and after rehabilitation by comparing shear wave
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