The value of changes in QRS width and in ST-T segment during exercise test in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy for identification of associated coronary artery disease

Abstract

Objectives Non-invasive methods cannot reliably predict the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). This study aims to define the accuracy of QRS width changes versus standard ST-T criteria for recognition of associated ischemic CAD in patients with HCM undergoing exercise testing (ET). Methods A retrospective study including patients with HCM. HCM was defined by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) of unknown etiology of at least 15 mm. Coronary angiography was performed as a gold standard for definition of CAD (≥ 70% obstruction in at least one major artery). QRS width duration was measured at peak ET by a computerized method employing an optical scanner. No changes in QRS width or shortening during ET were considered normal; QRS width prolongation of more than 3 ms was defined as abnormal. Results 68 patients (56/12 M/F) aged 60 ± 12 y were studied. During ET, abnormal QRS response was found in 40 (58.8%) and Ischemic ST-T changes in 52 (76.5%) patients. CAD in at least one artery was diagnosed in 31 patients (45.5%). The sensitivity of QRS width versus ST-T changes during ET for associated CAD was 82% and 28%, respectively. Specificity was 75% and 48%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 88%; 68% for QRS width and 67%; 59% for ST-T changes respectively. Conclusions In patients with HCM undergoing ET, the association with CAD was more accurately predicted by an increase in QRS complex width than by standard criteria of ST-T segment changes. Thus, its use should be encouraged, especially in patients with HCM.