Abstract
BackgroundAn ideal animal model has always been the key to research the pathogenesis and treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), while available methods have obvious disadvantages. The deficiency of melatonin has been proved relating to AIS. In this research, we intended to apply Luzindole, the melatonin antagonist, in bipedal rat model, for the block of combination of melatonin and its receptor, to inhibit the melatonin effect, and then to understand whether this method can effectively improve the scoliosis rate of bipedal rat model, and investigate the role of melatonin in scoliosis. To investigate the feasibility of improving the success rate of bipedal rat scoliosis model via intraperitoneal injection of melatonin antagonist (Luzindole).MethodsA total of 60 3-weeks-old Sprague-Dawley rats were included in this study, and were divided into 3 groups (A, B and C). Each group included 20 rats. Osteotomy of the bilateral proximal humerus and proximal tailbone was performed in group A and group B; intraperitoneal injection of Luzindole (0.2 mg/kg) was performed in group A and group C. X-rays were taken before the surgery, 1 month after the surgery, 3 months after the surgery, and 6 months after the surgery, to calculate the Cobb’s angle of the spine (>10° was considered scoliosis). The weight of every rat was also measured at the same time. Rats were euthanized 6 months after surgery to determine the calmodulin level in thrombocytes.ResultsThe rate of scoliosis in group A (14/20) was significantly higher than those in group B (6/20) and group C (0/20) (P < 0.05). The differences in the weights of the 3 groups were non-significant; as were differences in the calmodulin level in thrombocytes.ConclusionThe application of the melatonin antagonist of Luzindole can improve the success rate of the bipedal rat scoliosis model. Meanwhile, this study indicates that a decreased melatonin level is not the primary cause of scoliosis, but that it may increase the likelihood and severity of scoliosis.
Highlights
An ideal animal model has always been the key to research the pathogenesis and treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), while available methods have obvious disadvantages
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional spinal deformity that occurs around the puberty, though the cause is currently unclear [1, 2]
In Goff’s study, osteotomy of the bilateral proximal humerus and proximal tailbone was performed to make bipedal rats, and scoliosis could develop due to continuous weight bearing
Summary
An ideal animal model has always been the key to research the pathogenesis and treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), while available methods have obvious disadvantages. We intended to apply Luzindole, the melatonin antagonist, in bipedal rat model, for the block of combination of melatonin and its receptor, to inhibit the melatonin effect, and to understand whether this method can effectively improve the scoliosis rate of bipedal rat model, and investigate the role of melatonin in scoliosis. To investigate the feasibility of improving the success rate of bipedal rat scoliosis model via intraperitoneal injection of melatonin antagonist (Luzindole). An ideal animal model has always been the key to researching the pathogenesis and treatment of AIS. Its beneficial qualities, including ease of induction, low cost, and the similar anatomical construction of rats to human beings, led to the widespread use of the bipedal rat model in studies on AIS [4]. Due to a low success rate, the establishment of the bipedal rat model requires additional factors to increase the success rate [3, 5–8]
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