Abstract
BackgroundHigh-density lipoprotein (HDL) enhances cholesterol efflux from the arterial wall and exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerosis (AS) properties. Whether raised HDL levels will clinically benefit patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the value at which these effects will be apparent, however, is debatable. This study examined the HDL subclass distribution profile in patients with ACS.MethodsPlasma HDL subclasses were measured in 158 patients with established ACS and quantified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. ACS diagnosis was based on symptoms of cardiac ischemia, electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, speciality cardiac enzyme change along with presence of coronary heart disease (CHD) on coronary angiography.ResultsThe small-sized preβ1-HDL, HDL3b, and HDL3a levels were significantly higher, and the large-sized HDL2a and HDL2b levels were significantly lower in patients with ACS than in those with stable angina pectoris (SAP) and in normal control subjects. Meanwhile, with an elevation in the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure (BP), and the reduction in the high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels, the HDL2b contents significantly decreased and the preβ1-HDL contents significantly increased in patients with ACS. The correlation analysis revealed that the apolipoprotein (apo)A-I levels were positively and significantly with all HDL subclasses contents; plasma total cholesterol (TC) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were inversely associated with HDL2a, and HDL2b. Moreover, the FPG levels were positively related to HDL3c, HDL3b, and HDL3a in ACS patients.ConclusionThe HDL subclass distribution profile remodeling was noted in the patients with ACS. Plasma lipoprotein and FPG levels, BP, and BMI play an important role in the HDL subclass metabolism disorder for patients with ACS. The HDL subclass distribution phenotype might be useful as a novel biomarker to assist in the risk stratification of patients with ACS.
Highlights
There is consistent epidemiological and clinical evidence showing that low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to be a strong independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) [1]
The levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG); and waist were significantly increased for women patients than those for men patients in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) group; the levels of FPG; and hip were significantly decreased for women patients versus those of men patients in stable angina pectoris (SAP) group
Hip, and blood pressure (BP) data were missed for subjects in normal control group, the current results showed that the mean age, and body mass index (BMI) were significant lower for subjects in normal control group than those for patients in ACS group
Summary
There is consistent epidemiological and clinical evidence showing that low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to be a strong independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) [1]. Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) patients in Middle East had a high prevalence of low HDL-C levels [7]. HDL promotes cholesterol efflux from the arterial wall [9] and exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerosis (AS) properties [10], whether and what degree raising HDL levels provides clinical benefit in patients with ACS, is currently still matter of debate [8]. Whether raised HDL levels will clinically benefit patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the value at which these effects will be apparent, is debatable. This study examined the HDL subclass distribution profile in patients with ACS
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