The validity and reliability study of the first-time fathers questionnaire in Turkish

Abstract

The father's participation in the birth contributes significantly to the mother's birth experiences as well as to the fatherhood process. Since fathers have traditionally not been allowed to attend childbirth in Turkish public hospitals, which now is changing, there is a lack of research in this area. To remedy this shortcoming, a questionnaire that explores the Turkish fathers' experiences of childbirth is needed. The study aims to translate, validate, and adapt the pre-existing First-Time Fathers' Questionnaire to the Turkish language and culture. In the first stage of the study, the questionnaire was translated to Turkish. Expert opinions of the First Time Father Questionnaire were taken, and the content validity was checked. The revised questionnaire was then completed by 110 fathers. The average age of the fathers participating in the study was 32.12 ± 6.8 and 80 % of them were found to be middle class. The construct validity of the questionnaire was tested with explanatory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, finally a test-retest was performed. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each dimension of the 20-items questionnaire was as follows: knowledge = 0.90, acceptance = 0.90, anxiety = 0.88, and emotional support = 0.66. All sub-dimensions correspond to 68.5 % of the total variance. The confirmatory factor analysis model showed consistency for the data (X2/DF = 1.078; RMSA = 0.027; CFI = 0.992; GFI = 0.900; AGFI.0.829). Therefore, the adaptation of the First Time Fathers Questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument in evaluating the childbirth experiences of first-time fathers in Turkish culture.