Abstract
Flood catastrophe that struck Kelantan in 2014 has marked as the worst in history. The absence of structural approach such as dam has increased the risks of the flood to this state. In this paper, the simulation of 2014 flood event focuses in Kuala Krai area has been carried out before and after the occurrence of the proposed dams along Galas and Lebir rivers, respectively using hydrodynamic model. The Digital Terrain Model (DTM) from Airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) combining with Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) data resources have been used for hydrodynamic modelling. The flow hydrograph and water level are generated as input data for initial and boundary conditions. River cross-sections and Manning’s roughness coefficient values that been estimated based on landcover map obtained in 2010 also used in the model. The model produces the outputs of flood depth and velocity. To validate the simulation results, the flood depths were compared against the flood marks depth from field survey at 16 locations collected by researchers from Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Japan and Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID). From the validation, it reveals that the average accuracy percentage obtained was about 90% and it can be said that the flood model was acceptable.
Highlights
Flood catastrophes are the main natural hazard in Malaysia, numerous flood event have been recorded from 1926 until 2015 which cause major damages and deaths
The accuracy of the results obtained from the hydrodynamic model has been validated by comparing the simulated flood depth against the flood marks depth at 16 locations in Kuala Krai area obtained from field survey by [7] and [8]
This study reveals that the integration of hydrodynamic modelling together with Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) has been significant tools to assess the implementation of the structural approach such as dam for flood mitigation
Summary
Flood catastrophes are the main natural hazard in Malaysia, numerous flood event have been recorded from 1926 until 2015 which cause major damages and deaths. The severe flood event has awakened the importance of the presence of structural approach such as dam in reducing the risks of the flood to this state. The hydrodynamic modelling has been carried out to simulate the 2014 flood event with and without the occurrence of the proposed dams along Galas and Lebir rivers, respectively by using 1D2D SOBEK model. The study was focused in Kuala Krai area where the risk of flood hazards this area have been observed before and after the existence of the proposed dams. The accuracy of the results obtained from the hydrodynamic model has been validated by comparing the simulated flood depth against the flood marks depth at 16 locations in Kuala Krai area obtained from field survey by [7] and [8]
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