The validation, economic and enhancement of double pipe heat exchanger by CuO nanoparticles through COVID-19

Abstract

Enhancement of heat transfer in industrial processes becomes a more serious challenge for economical and safety reasons. Understanding the heat transfer phenomenon in solid-liquid dispersion (nanofluid) system is a concern of the researchers for the successful design of heat exchangers. In the present work, the heat transfer rate under solid-liquid dispersion conditions was evaluated numerically. Nanoparticles of copper oxide (CuO) of different concentrations were added to the mixing vessel containing water. In the vessel, a mixer of Rushton turbine impeller was used to disperse the nanoparticles into the liquid. The nanofluid was pumped into a double pipe heat exchanger through the inner tube as a hot fluid to exchange heat with cold water provided by the chiller in the shell. The investigated range Reynolds number of nanofluid(hot fluid) was (Reh) 19000-64000 and of cold water (Rec). The results revealed a significant enhancement in heat transfer by using nanoparticles as compared with single-phase cases. The heat transfer enhancement by using nanoparticles ranged 40- 114 % as compared with a single phase. CFD simulation was performed to predict the velocity field in the agitated tank and to predict the heat transfer coefficient in the double pipe heat exchanger in the presence and absence of nanofluid. The CFD simulation led to a successful understanding of the temperature distribution in the radial, axial, and tangential directions under turbulent flow conditions. The economic and numerical analysis prevail that the optimal conditions at Reh=64000 and nanoparticles concentrations of 2 g/L where the minus operating cost is obtained for various oil barrel price before and after COVID 19 pandemic situations.