Abstract
At present, the main patients of T1D (type one diabetes) are adolescents and many complications will occur, which is very harmful to the health of adolescents. This article mainly discusses the development and research progress of T1D vaccine. Current potential vaccines include antigen isolation vaccines, APL, monopeptide vaccines and adjuvant vaccines. Among them, autoantigen IA2-based antigen-specific vaccine Hsp65-6IA2P2 protein vaccine and B9-23 APL-based vaccine can effectively minimize the natural diabetes prevalence in NOD mice, DiaPep277 vaccine is based on heat shock protein 60 (Hsp60), which was displayed to maintain C peptide levels in phase I experiments, but phase II trials are not very successful, and are currently entering phase III experiments. The widely used adjuvant alum was combined with the adjuvant vaccine Diamyd by GAD65. Diamyd therapy has been successful in adults and has been carried out in phase II studies on kids and teens, with phase III trials currently underway in Europe and the United States.
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