Abstract
Background: Giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801) has become popular aquaculture in Indonesia. However, information on the feed used is minimal. This study analyzed the change in feeding nutrition, fish growth, feed efficiency, and body-carcass using product formulated from water coconut, palm sap sugar, and fungus. Methods: A total of 2,000 ml coconut water and 1,000 ml of palm sap sugar solution were formulated. Each product formulated was added with 6 g of Aspergillus niger (called product P1), 6 g of Rhizopus oligosporus (called product P2), and 6 g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (called product P3). Commercial feeds supplemented with P1, P2, and P3 products are designated P1, P2, and P3 diets. Commercial feed added to freshwater is called the P4 diet (placebo). Their dosage is 300 ml/kg of feed. Gurami sago juveniles (initial weight 50±2.5 g and length 13.2±0.4 cm) were stocked in triplicate nets (2×1×1 m) in a freshwater concrete pond with a stocking density of 30 fish/net, an initial feeding rate of 3% per day until study termination. Results: Our results support our hypothesis that different product formulations have a significant effect (p<0.05) on growth performance and feed efficiency. At the same time, supplementing commercial feed with varying formula products has a significant impact (p<0.05) on the fatty acid composition of the diets and carcass body of gurami sago. Conclusion: Diet P2 contains a higher concentration of fatty acids to increase body weight, feed efficiency, and the best carcass fatty acid composition than other experiments for sago gurami reared in freshwater concrete ponds.
Highlights
In Indonesia, giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801) is one of the most important freshwater fish species because it has a high market price[1,2,3,4]
The current study evaluated the fatty acid composition and proximate composition of commercial pellet fish feed supplemented with various formulation products and their effect on growth performance, feed use efficiency, and fatty acid composition in the carcass of gurami sago juvenile
No death was observed with any diets, so survival remained at 100% for all treatments during the 90 days of experimentation
Summary
In Indonesia, giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy Lacepede, 1801) is one of the most important freshwater fish species because it has a high market price[1,2,3,4]. Efforts have been made to increase the production of giant gurami globally using aquaculture activities such as different feeding rates in floating cages[9], differences of stocking density in concrete freshwater ponds[4], and increased variety in the aquaculture systems, such as in an earthen freshwater pond, concrete freshwater pond and floating cages[7,8,10] These aquaculture operations use commercial pellet fish feed, but the feed conversion ratio is higher, ranging between 1.43 and 1.65. The feed efficiency ratio is still low In this context, between 30 to 40% of fish feed is released as a waste load to water bodies[4,8,11]. This study analyzed the change in feeding nutrition, fish growth, feed efficiency, and body-carcass using product formulated from water coconut, palm sap sugar, and fungus. At the same time, supplementing commercial feed with varying formula products has a significant impact (p
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