The Utilization of Nature‐Based Virtual Reality (VR) Practice for the Wellbeing of Older Adults with Dementia

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundDespite abundant evidence supporting the health benefits of nature‐based programs and activities, older adults with dementia experience practical limitations to their participation in these nature‐based activities. Utilizing a Nature‐based Virtual Reality (VR) Program can be a good alternative to outdoor nature activities by minimizing physical and structural barriers that older adults with dementia often encounter. Thus, the purpose of this study was to assess the changes in the emotional health and health‐related quality of life among older adults with dementia after the Nature‐based VR program participation.MethodThis study used a single‐group pre‐post design. Six participants were contacted for recruitment from a memory care unit and five were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) clinically diagnosed with dementia, (b) have no prior VR experience, (c) basic communication skills, and (d) age between 65‐90 years old. Five participants engaged in the Nature‐based VR program which was offered twice a week for 20‐30 mins during the 5 weeks for a total of 10 sessions. Emotional health and health‐related quality of life were assessed at baseline and immediate‐post intervention. Emotional health was assessed using the Observed Emotion Rating Scale. Caregiver‐observer assessed the levels of five emotions by marking one of six pre‐defined time intervals. Health‐related quality of life was assessed using Alzheimer’s disease‐related quality of life. These items constitute four domains, physical health, mental health, social, and financial domains, and are measured with a 4‐point scale. The summed score of the scale ranges from 13 to 52, and a higher score indicates a higher quality of life for the care recipients.ResultFrom paired t‐test analysis, increased emotional wellbeing was detected. Specifically, the mean score of alertness increased from 4.50 points in pre‐intervention to 5.00 in post‐intervention while anger decreased from 1.67 to 1.00 and anxiety scores decreased from 1.50 to 1.00 points, respectively. Health‐related quality of life improved after the intervention. The QOL‐AD mean scores changed from 38.8 to 41.2 and median value was shifted from 38.5 to 44.0.ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence that the Nature‐based VR program may improve emotional health and health‐related quality of life.