THE UTILIZATION OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING (MRI) TO DIFFERENTIATE VARIOUS GRADES OF BRAIN TUMOURS

Abstract

Introduction: Intracranial cancers structure a critical medical problem. The yearly frequency of essential and auxiliary focal sensory system neoplasms goes from 10 to 17 for every 100,000 people. Imaging assumes a significant part in administration and guess of intracranial growths. Magnetic Resonance (MR) imaging has arisen as the imaging methodology most often used to assess intracranial growths and it keeps on having a consistently extending, complex job. On conventional MR imaging Grade I tumors show no edema and enhancement, Grade II tumors show minimal edema and enhancement, Grade III tumors show significant edema and heterogenous enhancement where as Grade IV tumors show significant edema, heterogenous enhancement, hemorrhage and necrosis.
 Aim: Utility of advanced magnetic resonance imaging sequences in order to differentiate different grades of brain tumors and to evaluate the advance Magnetic Resonance imaging (MRI) Protocol in Gradingbrain tumors both intra axial and extra axial.
 Results: The present study disclosed that for high grade gliomas Cho/Cr ratios with mean average values 5.13±1.9 ranging from 1.6 to 8.1 and median value of 5.3 and Cho/NAA ratios with mean average values 5.29 ± 1.84 ranging from 1.2 to 7.2 and median value is 6.05. Similarly Cho/Cr ratios for low grade tumors range with mean average values 1.85 ±0.58 ranging from 1.58 to 4.2 and median value of 1.61 and Cho/NAA ratios with mean average values 1.58±0.84 ranging from 1.1 to 5.1 and median value is 1.3. In the study 37 (92.5%) patients show supratentorial location of tumor and 3(7.5%) patients show infratentorial location of tumor.
 Conclusion: We concluded that by utility of advance MRI imaging can effectively differentiate different grades of brain tumors. The advance MRI imaging methods perfusion study, spectroscopy and Diffuse tensor imaging have significant correlation with degree of malignancy, thus predicting different grades of tumors compared to conventional MRI imaging alone, aiding in management and follow up. So utility of advance MRI imaging sequences in brain tumors imaging provides significant insight regarding malignancy of the tumor apart from conventional imaging. Being these are non invasive techniques and easily available helps in prognostication of patient and thus avoiding unnecessary stereotactic biopsies for low grade gliomas which require follow up. Utility of advance MRI imaging sequences in brain tumor for differentiating different grades of tumors forms an integral part of patient management.