Abstract
Abstract Context.—Full activation and involvement of the complement pathway follows acute myocardial infarction. Complement fragment C4d is a stable, covalently bound marker of complement activation. Troponin T is specific for cardiomyocytes. Objectives.—To determine the specificity of C4d, C9, and troponin T immunoreactivity in necrotic myocytes and to establish whether they can be used to delineate acute myocardial infarction. Design.—Twenty-six autopsy cases with a total of 54 myocardium areas of infarction were reviewed retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry for C4d, C9, and troponin T was used on paraffin sections of formalin-fixed tissue. Controls consisted of 5 cases without evidence of infarction, and histologically normal myocardium functioned as an internal control. Results.—C4d and C9 antibodies reacted strongly and diffusely with necrotic myocytes in all samples of infarctions for up to 2 days (19 of 19; 100%). Adjacent histologically normal myocytes were nonreactive, resulting in a clear delin...
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