The uterine cervix in mammals

Abstract

T H E c E RV IX separates the vagina from the uterus. It is a thick-walled structure with a constricted lumen. However, the structure and the anatomy of the cervix vary in different mammalian species. Species differences are observed in the complexity of the cervical folds, morphology and anatomy of the internal and external orifices, the length and complexity of the cervical canal, and the anatomic relationships with the uterus and vagina (Table I and Figs. 1-6) .