The Usefulness of Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) in the Detection of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Health conditions like Diabetes mellitus sometimes affects serious to health due to unavailability of accurate check. But with advancements of diagnostics test like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) can save many lives to detect Diabetes Mellitus. 
 Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate the accuracy of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c.) in the diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus.
 Methods: The Tertiary Medical College, Bangladesh, outpatient department (OPD) conducted this cross-sectional study. Where information was gathered between January 2019 and January 2020.
 During the research, a total of 100 individuals were enrolled with contemporaneous FPG, OGTT and A1c findings and diabetes mellitus suspicion. Purposive sampling was used to acquire the samples according to the inclusion criteria.
 Results: Most of the patients in the research were aged 47 to 57. 30.8% of the population and the majority (60%) were male. 71% of diabetes patients were identified alone by A1c, followed by 66% by 2h OGTT, and 43% of diabetic patients were diagnosed solely by fasting plasma glucose (FPG). IFG was found in 58% of the patients, whereas OGTT found IGT in 20% of the patients, and A1c found IGT in 24% of the patients. The difference between A1c and OGTT in diagnosing glucose intolerance was statistically significant (P 0.0001).
 Conclusion: This study's findings support the use of HbA1c as a screening tool for type 2 diabetes. Increasing access to diabetes care in Bangladesh may be made easier by using the HbA1c test, which is less onerous for patients than either FPG or oral glucose tolerance testing.