Abstract
This study investigates an application of zinc metalloporphyrin grafted Fe3O4 nanoparticles as a new adsorbent for removal of sulfate ions from wastewaters. The modification of magnetite nanoparticles was conducted by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane followed by zinc (II) porphyrin in order to enhance the removal of sulfate ions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the synthesized nano sorbent. The effect of important experimental factors such as pH, contact time, sorbent dosage and some co-existing anions present in aqueous solutions were investigated. Under optimal conditions (i.e. contact time: 30 min, pH: 6.5 and nanosorbents dosage: 100 mg) for a sulfate sample (50 mL, 50 mgL-1 ) the percentage of the extracted sulfate ions was 94.5%. Regeneration of sulfate adsorbed material could be possible by NaOH solution and the modified magnetic nano sorbent exhibited good reusability.
Highlights
Sulfate is a common constituent of many natural waters and wastewaters [1], which it is present as a dissolved compound in seas and oceans or as insoluble salt
Equipments The morphology and dimension of Fe3O4/APTES/ ZnTCPP were examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM) using Zeiss 900 Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) at a voltage of 80 kV
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of magnetite nanoparticles was in good agreement with that of the standard Fe3O4 structure
Summary
Sulfate is a common constituent of many natural waters and wastewaters [1], which it is present as a dissolved compound in seas and oceans or as insoluble salt (e.g., gypsumlayers). Established methods for removal of sulfate from industrial effluents include chemical precipitation, biological treatment and adsorption technologies. The effect of pH, contact time, nanosorbent dosage and some co-existing anions present in aqueous solutions on sulfate removal efficiency were investigated.
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