Abstract
The object of research is the process of management and treatment of crushed stone production waste. Modern approaches to the disposal of crushed stone production waste are analyzed. It is revealed that crushed stone production wastes are mainly used in the construction industry, and their volumes of use are insufficient to neutralize the impact of dumps on the environment. The chemical composition of crushed stone production wastes was analyzed and an experiment was carried out to determine the possibility of their use as fertilizers for the cultivation of industrial energy crops. For the experiment, an energy crop was chosen – sorghum. Sorghum seeds were placed in two types of soil: regular peat substrate and peat substrate with the addition of rock in a ratio of 60:40. Waste from crushed stone production – rock, which includes: quartzite – 90–98 %, pyrophyllite – 1–9 %, ore mineral – 0.3–1 %. The results of the experiment showed an increase in the biomass of sorghum grown on a peat substrate with the addition of rock, 1.5 times, compared with that grown on a conventional peat substrate. Accordingly, the energy yield of sorghum per hectare of field will also grow by 50 %. In addition to increasing the biomass of sorghum, as a result of the experiment, an increase in the number of secondary and tertiary roots was found when it was grown on a peat substrate with the addition of rock. A more developed root system allows the plant to receive more moisture and nutrients, thereby increasing its endurance and drought resistance. The results obtained can be explained by the positive effect of silica, of which more than 90 % of the rock is composed, on the growth and development of plants. It is proposed to increase the level of environmental safety of mining regions through the use of crushed stone waste as fertilizers for industrial energy crops and the transition to alternative energy sources, in particular biofuels made on the basis of these crops.
Highlights
The mining industry is one of the main air pollutants
Traditional fuels prevail in the structure of the world’s energy balance, in particular oil, coal, peat, shale, natural gas, which negatively affects the level of world energy security and the state of the natural environment [6]. This situation will intensify the search for alternative energy sources, in particular the development of bioenergy projects that involve the intensive cultivation of energy crops
It is proposed to increase the level of environmental safety of mining regions through the use of crushed stone waste as fertilizers for industrial energy crops and the transition to alternative energy sources, in particular biofuel
Summary
The mining industry is one of the main air pollutants. During mining operations, a significant amount of dust and gases enters the air. Traditional fuels prevail in the structure of the world’s energy balance, in particular oil, coal, peat, shale, natural gas, which negatively affects the level of world energy security and the state of the natural environment [6] This situation will intensify the search for alternative energy sources, in particular the development of bioenergy projects that involve the intensive cultivation of energy crops. The use of crushed stone waste as fertilizers for the cultivation of industrial energy crops, in particular sorghum, is an urgent scientific and practical task. The aim of research is to increase the level of environmental safety of mining regions through the use of crushed stone waste as fertilizers for energy crops and the transition to alternative energy sources, in particular biofuel. The materials that make up the rock are contained in the following quantities: quartzite – 90–98 %, pyrophyllite – 1–9 %, ore mineral – 0.3–1 %
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