Abstract
Environmental degradation caused by the migration of pollutants from landfills is one of the biggest problems for urban areas. Systematic monitoring of groundwater in the vicinity of waste dumps allows for an assessment of the degree of risk to the soil and water environment. In this paper, spatiotemporal variation of groundwater pollution near a municipal landfill in Sosnowiec (southern Poland) was investigated. For this purpose, the monitoring results of five physicochemical indicators from 2014–2019 were used. This study presents an example of the application of the Landfill Water Pollution Index (LWPI) and the Cd Contamination Index. The obtained results indicated that the tested waters were negatively influenced by municipal landfills, especially in the southern part (piezometers P8 and P10). The values of the Contamination Index even reached a value equal of about 1400, while the values of the LWPI index reached 305. Significantly lower values of both indicators were obtained using the results of monitoring studies for other piezometers located upstream from the landfill but belonging to the observation network of a neighboring facility. The indices used permit a determination of the level of groundwater contamination from the described landfill and can be used in similar research areas.
Highlights
Using a landfill is the most common disposal process for municipal solid wastes [1,2,3,4]
One of the most popular methods of securing landfill sites is sealing the base, slopes, and plateau; indirect and side sealing; cutting off the water flow to the site with simultaneous introduction of a series of water drainage systems; developing systems that speed up decontamination of pollutants; and hardening, stabilization, or vitrification of the ground
The calculations of the contamination index (Cd) and Landfill Water Pollution Index (LWPI) index made for electrolytic conductivity (EC), SO42−, Cl−, Na, and Fe for the groundwater monitoring results from the region of the landfill for 2014–2019 confirmed the negative impact of this landfill on groundwater
Summary
Using a landfill is the most common disposal process for municipal solid wastes [1,2,3,4]. One example of a landfill site that has two sealing zones (a mineral layer and a HDPE film layer) is one in Sosnowiec (southern Poland) In this case, the HDPE foil is secured with a geotextile. In the case of many municipal waste landfills, this range of parameters is insufficient to determine the real risk. This is due to the fact that the metal content in groundwater in the vicinity of municipal landfills is often below the quantification limit. Leachates from landfills can involve biologically degradable and nondegradable organic compounds, ammonia nitrogen, or chlorinated salts [13] Parameters such as chlorides, sulphates, nitrates, and ammonium are determined.
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