Abstract
In the current context of climate change, reducing the greenhouse gas emissions is one of the greatest challenges of our society. As concrete is the second most used material in the world after water, its environmental impact is significant, especially because of the production of cement. Clinker substitution is according to the International Energy Agency and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development one of the four main reductions levers for the cement industry. Unlike Carbon Capture and Storage technology, replacing clinker with by-products such as fly ash and blast-furnace slag is technically feasible and applicable today. The use of blended cements is nowadays more and more commonly widespread. Ternary cements is particularly advantageous to benefit the synergetic action of two substitutes such as fly ash and limestone filler. Cement standard EN 197-1 is evolving towards more ternary binders but their impact on concrete properties are not thoroughly investigated yet. This paper presents some effects of newly developed ternary cements on concrete. The use of composite cements is a compelling solution to reduce the environmental impact of concrete but it is necessary to always assess their suitability in concrete.
Highlights
The European Commission established a Roadmap for moving to a competitive low-carbon economy in 2050
Clinker substitution is according to the International Energy Agency and the World Business Council for Sustainable Development one of the four main reductions levers for the cement industry
The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of concrete made with newly developed ternary cement combining Portland cement (OPC), slag (S) or fly ash (FA) and a high amount of limestone filler (L)
Summary
The European Commission established a Roadmap for moving to a competitive low-carbon economy in 2050. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of concrete made with newly developed ternary cement combining Portland cement (OPC), slag (S) or fly ash (FA) and a high amount of limestone filler (L). The present paper is part of a wide research program on assessing the mechanical and durability performance of concrete made with these composite cements, in comparison with reference concretes made with industrial cements which satisfy the requirements of standard EN 1971. This is in line with one of the recommendations of the IEA and WBCSD. The detailed results are presented in other papers for the fresh and mechanical properties [16] and for the durability performance [17]
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