The Use of Spectral Characteristics of Satellite Images to Assess Water Pollution after Dike Breaking on the Irelyakh River

Abstract

An urgent problem in the modern world is the pollution of water bodies with waste water that enters the reservoir after insufficient filtration, or with industrial effluents, in our case related to the mining works. In any case, this pollution negatively affects both the state of the environment and the health of the population forced to use water from polluted sources. And for inhabitants of the Far North remote areas this is fraught with poisoning of fishery resources.The method of remote sensing and processing of satellite images allows you quickly assessing the degree of contamination of reservoirs after man-made emergencies and timely warning the population from exposure to dangerous pollutions. On the basis of decoding the spectral characteristics of pollution, it is possible to track timely the size and speed of its spread, significantly reduce the number of samples taken, field research and ensure regular monitoring of a risen extreme situation. In this work, we used methods of preliminary digital processing of space images: geometric, radiometric and atmospheric correction. The thematic processing of the ERS was carried out. The ERS is a method of image enhancement that includes modification of contrast, noise reduction, boundary detection.An assessment of water pollution in the territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) after the dyke breaking on the Irelyakh River in August 2018 was carried out using the interpretation of satellite images by spectral analysis on the ENVI software system. The use of this method is relevant for remote hard-to-reach areas and, if necessary, rapid assessments of pollution, as well as for tracing the forecast of the process flow.