Abstract
The goal of modern research is to use environmentally preferable materials. In this context, clay minerals are emerging candidates for their bio- and ecocompatibility, low cost and natural availability. Clay minerals present different morphologies according to their layer arrangements. The use of clay minerals, especially in biomedical applications is known from ancient times and they are regaining attention in recent years. The most representative clay minerals are kaolinit, montmorillonite, sepiolites and halloysite. This review summarizes some clay minerals and their derivatives for application as nanocontainer for biologically active species.
Highlights
The use of clay minerals, especially in biomedical applications is known from ancient times and they are regaining attention in recent years
Clay minerals are a well-known class of compounds which have been used for pharmacological applications since ancient times
This review summarizes the development in the use of clay minerals in the pharmaceutical field, focusing on kaolinite, montmorillonite, sepiolite, and halloysite
Summary
Clay minerals are a well-known class of compounds which have been used for pharmacological applications since ancient times. Clay minerals are widely employed in the pharmaceutical industry as common additives. They are for example used as oral treatment of diarrhea or as gastrointestinal protector; or for topical dermatological applications [3,4,5]. The arrangement of atoms in the structure gives these minerals a platy morphology; the further arrangement of the tetrahedral and octahedral sheets allows the classification of clay minerals in three categories: 1:1, 2:1 and 2:1:1. This review summarizes the development in the use of clay minerals in the pharmaceutical field, focusing on kaolinite, montmorillonite, sepiolite, and halloysite. The clay mineral properties, their application as drug carriers and their functionalization are discussed
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