The use of solid household waste as fuel in the housing and utilities sector

Abstract

The development of civilization is accompanied by a steady increase in the amount of waste and industrial production. Improvement of technology and production technology increases the variety of chemical compounds and their danger to the environment. The problem of processing and disposal of solid household waste (SHW) is becoming more and more urgent not only for megacities, but also for small settlements. The vast majority of solid waste in our country is stored in natural or specially organized landfills. Landfills of solid waste without preliminary processing occupy huge territories, thus removing fertile lands from economic circulation for many decades. Landfills are characterized by a high concentration of carbonaceous materials. For various reasons, fires often occur, as a result of which the products of incomplete combustion pollute the environment. Solid waste landfills are a source of pollution of surface and ground waters due to the drainage of landfills with atmospheric precipitation. In addition, landfills are home to stray animals, rats, mice, birds, insects and parasites. All of them are the cause of the spread of viruses. Because of this, there is a danger of the spread of infectious diseases [1]. In order to reduce the volume of solid waste, harmful emissions into the atmosphere, the number of rodents and birds, and put an effective barrier to the spread of various infections, it is necessary to improve the production and put the project of a mini-plant for processing solid household waste into operation. Thus, the work considers a technological scheme and a set of equipment for processing solid household waste into gas fuel. Calculations of technical and economic indicators are given.