The Use of Single-Phase Immersion Cooling by Using Two Types of Dielectric Fluid for Data Center Energy Savings

Nugroho Agung Pambudi,Alfan Sarifudin,Awibi Muhamad Yusuf

doi:10.32604/ee.2022.017356

Abstract

Data centers are recognized as one of the most important aspects of the fourth industrial revolution since conventional data centers are inefficient and have dependency on high energy consumption, in which the cooling is responsible for 40% of the usage. Therefore, this research proposes the immersion cooling method to solving the high energy consumption of data centers by cooling its component using two types of dielectric fluids. Four stages of experimental methods are used, such as fluid types, cooling effectiveness, optimization, and durability. Furthermore, benchmark software is used to measure the CPU maximum work with the temperature data performed for 24 h. The results of this study show that the immersion cooling reduces 13°C lower temperature than the conventional cooling method which means it saves more energy consumption in the data center. The most optimum variable used to decrease the temperature is 1.5 lpm of flow rate and 800 rpm of fan rotation. Furthermore, the cooling performance of the dielectric fluids shows that the mineral oil (MO) is better than the virgin coconut oil (VCO). In durability experiment, there are no components damage after five months immersed in the fluid.

Highlights

The rise of the fourth industrial revolution, in which any technology can interact using the same data, has increased the data center across the world
Immersion Cooling was a system that employs the principle of convection heat transfer to immerse CPU components
The heat generated from the CPU was absorbed by the mineral oil and pumped to be cooled in the radiator before being poured back into the container

Summary

Introduction

The rise of the fourth industrial revolution, in which any technology can interact using the same data, has increased the data center across the world. The yearly percentage increase in the level of energy consumption, has amounted to 2 percent of global electricity demand, which is expected to rise by 15–20 percent annually [1]. The level of energy consumption by the cooling system and the server constitute the majority of the electrical energy and accounts for 40 percent of overall energy consumption in the data center [3]. The major technical challenges in cooling systems are sufficient heat transfer from heat changes and uneven disappearance of power. The increasing efficiency and ability of heat transfer is still a big challenge [5]. The heat from data center devices is absorbed and carried to the environment, mixed with the atmospheric air of lower temperature or through refrigerants [6]

Methods

Results

Conclusion