The use of silos of legume-cereal grass mixtures in the diets of cows as a factor of better use of feed nutrients

Abstract

Relevance. Silage of the green mass of perennial legumes remains a difficult task due to the high protein and water content. It is possible to obtain from them a feed slightly inferior to the original green mass in terms of energy nutrition and protein content, as well as biologically active substances, only by siloing them in a slightly dried form (30–40% dry matter) using effective preservatives.Methods. To study the digestibility of nutrients of silos of legume-cereal grass mixtures in the conditions of LLC “Garant” of the Belebeyevsky district of the Republic of Bashkortostan, two physiological studies were conducted. According to the principle of pairs of analogues (breed, age at calving, live weight, lactation phase, productivity level), 6 groups of cows of the Bestuzhev breed were selected at the beginning of lactation, 10 heads each. In the first experiment, 20 kg of corn silage was received as part of the diet of cows of the 1st control group, and animals from the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were fed with silage from a mixture of alfalfa and boneless stalk in the amount of 20 and 25 kg, respectively. In the second experiment, animals of the 1st control group received 20 kg of corn silage, and in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, 20 and 25 kg of silage of a mixture of clover and boneless stalk were included in the feeding diet. In the third group of each experiment, the proportion of compound feeds in the rations was reduced by 1 kg per head per day.Results. Studies have shown that the use of silos from legume-cereal grass mixtures in the diets of dairy cows in the amount of 20 and 25 kg instead of the same amount of similar feed from corn increases the digestibility and digestibility of feed nutrients. At the same time, the use of compound feeds in the diets of dairy cows is reduced by 1 kg per head per day, which is of great practical importance in the conditions of a modern market economy.